Praise Poetry in Ibn Hani al-Andalusi and Ibn Darraj al-Qastali: A Comparative Study of Syntactic Structures (Interrogative, Vocative, and Negation)

Abstract

Andalusian poetry was an expression of life in Andalusia and its uniqueness. As is well known, the poet is a product of his environment, closely connected to the social and cultural lives of the people. Andalusian poets excelled in composing poems in various poetic genres.The idea behind choosing the research topic was to investigate praise in Andalusian poetry. The topic was chosen after careful examination and study:(Praise in the Poetry of Ibn Hani' al-Andalusi and Ibn Darraj al-Qastali)A comparison of linguistic structures (interrogative, vocative, and negative)Based on this, my study was divided into three axes:The first was preceded by a summary and introduction, which addressed the meaning of praise linguistically and technically, a brief overview of Andalusian poetry, its origins, its characteristics, and the poetic purpose of constructing the poem.The second axis sheds light on the praise of Ibn Hani' al-Andalusi and Ibn Darraj al-Qastali. The third axis focused on the poetic text and style, examining the structural level in the poetry of Ibn Hani' al-Andalusi and Ibn Darraj al-Qastali. It explored grammatical structures (interrogative, vocative, and negative), revealing their level of artistic performance and identifying the poet's creativity and skill. The research study concluded that:Andalusian poetry was an expression of life in Andalusia. The poet is a product of his environment, and because nature, with which God Almighty has blessed that country, contributed to sparking poetic talent, granting them the most sublime meanings and the most wonderful imagery. The meanings are characterized by novelty and lack of exaggeration, and the words are distinguished by ease and clarity. The Andalusian poets followed the traditions of the ancients in constructing the poem and its traditions. The Andalusian poets composed in various poetic purposes. Praise was preserved in its style by describing the traditional qualities of the praised one and focusing on his victories. We find the success of the poets Ibn Hani Al-Andalusi and Ibn Darraj Al-Qastali in employing linguistic structures that carry a beautiful character and artistic images derived from the Andalusian environment. They create an impact on the mind of the recipient, as the grammatical structures (interrogation - vocative - and negation) recorded a presence in the two poets, as they employed these structures in the service of their poetic purposes, and they celebrate harmonious artistic images in a clear and beautiful style. The study of these structures is proof of the poet’s competence and skill.