Legal Protection of Internally Displaced Persons in Iraq: A Study in National Legislation and International Law

Abstract

This study, entitled "Legal Protection of Internally Displaced Persons in Iraq: A Study in National Legislation and International Law," examines the legal framework governing the protection of internally displaced persons within Iraq, in light of the security and political challenges that have led to widespread displacement. Forced displacement in Iraq is one of the most complex humanitarian and legal issues the country has faced, given the successive security and political circumstances. The study aims to highlight the adequacy of Iraqi national legislation and its compatibility with the principles of international human rights law and international humanitarian law. The study adopts a methodological structure divided into two sections. The first section focuses on conceptual grounding, reviewing the definition of a displaced person within both national and international contexts, with a precise distinction between internally displaced persons and refugees (externally displaced persons) in terms of their legal status and the obligations incumbent upon the state. The second section focused on protection mechanisms, reviewing the fundamental rights of internally displaced persons (IDPs) under Iraqi law, the role of international conventions in providing them with legal protection, and the pivotal role of international organizations in delivering aid and ensuring respect for humanitarian standards. The study concluded with a summary of key findings and recommendations, emphasizing the need to update the Iraqi legislative framework to provide comprehensive protection that guarantees IDPs a dignified life and facilitates their voluntary return or integration into host communities.